The History of Biomedical Research
In the 1950's, Animal Research Was Essential in the Following Developments:
- Prevention of poliomyelitis; first immunizations successful
- Development of open heart surgery and cardiac pacemaker
- Development of bone-marrow transplantation
- Discovery of DNA
- Discovery of chlorpromazine and other tranquilizers
- Development of cancer chemotherapy
- Understanding of how the brain processes visual information
Nobel Prizes in Medicine Which Involved Animal Models:
|
Year |
Scientist/s |
Animal/s Used |
Contribution Made |
| |
|
|
|
| 1950 |
Kendall, Hench, Reichstein |
Cow |
Antiarthritic role of adrenal hormones |
| 1951 |
Theiler |
Monkey,
Mouse |
Development of yellow fever vaccine |
| 1952 |
Waksman |
Guinea Pig |
Discovery of streptomycin |
| 1953 |
Krebs, Lipmann |
Pigeon |
Characterization of the citric acid cycle in cells |
| 1954 |
Enders, Weller, Robbins |
Monkey,
Mouse |
Culture of poliovirus that led to development of
vaccine |
| 1955 |
Theorell |
Horse |
Nature and mode of action of oxidative enzymes |
| 1957 |
Bovet |
Dog, Rabbit |
Production of synthetic curare and its action on
vascular and smooth muscle |
