History of Biomedical Research - 1940's

Animal Research Was Essential in the Following Developments:

• Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
• Therapeutic use of streptomycin
• Discovery of the Rh factor in blood
• Prevention of diphtheria
• Eradication of cattle tick fever
• Treatment of whooping cough
• Therapeutic use of antibiotics (penicillin)
• First successes in kidney and skin transplantation

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Nobel Prizes in Medicine Which Involved Animal Models:

Year	Scientist/s	Animal/s Used	Contribution Made
1943	Dam, Doisy	Rat, dog, chick, mouse	Discovery of function of vitamin K
1944	Erlanger, Gasser	Cat	Specific functions of nerve cells
1945	Fleming, Chain, Florey	Mouse	Curative effect of penicillin in bacterial infections
1947	Carl Cori, Gerty, Cori, Houssay	Frog, toad, dog	Catalytic conversion glycogen; role of pituitary in sugar metabolism
1949	Hess, Moniz	Cat	Functional organization of the brain as a coordinator of internal organs